SDO观测到日冕物质抛射
(原标题: SDO Observes a Coronal Mass Ejection)
2026-06-24
浏览次数: 1520
为什么太阳会向我们扔东西？太阳表面是一团由高能电子和离子组成的搅动的汤，这些电子和离子被称为等离子体。这些带电粒子的运动产生了比地球还大的磁场环。这些环扭曲、转动并捕获等离子体。2026年4月24日，由太阳动力学观测站拍摄的这张特色的延时照片拍摄了2个多小时，展示了当这些磁场变得过于紧张时会发生什么：它们突然破裂，以每小时数百万英里（或公里）的速度将数十亿吨（数万亿公斤）的等离子体喷射到太空中，这就是所谓的日冕物质抛射（CME）。太阳在其活动周期的高峰期，即2025年，每天都会释放一些日冕物质抛射。其中一些火山喷发会袭击地球，破坏电网，使卫星瘫痪，危及宇航员，这就是为什么太空天气监测如此重要。
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Why does the Sun throw stuff at us? The Sun’s surface is a churning soup of energetic electrons and ions called plasma. The motion of those charged particles creates magnetic field loops that are larger than the Earth. These loops twist, turn, and trap plasma. The featured time-lapse, taken over 2 hours on April 24th, 2026 by the Solar Dynamics Observatory, shows what happens when those magnetic fields become too stressed: they snap and expel billions of tons (trillions of kilograms) of plasma into space at millions of miles (or kilometers) per hour in what is called a coronal mass ejection (CME). The Sun releases a few CMEs each day when it is at the peak of its activity cycle, which passed in 2025. Some of these eruptions hit Earth and can disrupt power grids, disable satellites, and endanger astronauts, which is why space weather monitoring is so important.