AR 4478：巨大太阳黑子群
(原标题: AR 4478: Giant Sunspot Group)
2026-06-28
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现在，近代历史上最大的太阳黑子群之一正在穿越太阳。4478活动区不仅很大，而且很猛烈，显示出纠缠在一起的磁场，能够将巨大的粒子云抛入太阳系。其中一些日冕物质抛射可能会影响地球。在极端情况下，这些太阳风暴可能会导致一些地球轨道卫星故障，地球大气层轻微扭曲，电网激增。当这些粒子撞击地球上层大气时，会产生美丽的极光。这张照片是几天前在西班牙巴塞罗那用可见光拍摄到的ar4478和它的黑子。ar4478太阳黑子群几乎和2024年的ar3664一样大，它是如此之大，以至于只有用专门设计的眼镜才能看到日食。本周，全球的天文爱好者不仅会在白天追踪AR 4478，还会敏锐地观察夜空中相应的明亮极光。《天空惊喜》：《APOD》在你生日那天给你拍了什么照片？(1995年以后)
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Right now, one of the largest sunspot groups in recent history is crossing the Sun. Active Region 4478 is not only big -- it's violent, showing tangled magnetic fields capable of throwing off huge clouds of particles into the Solar System. Some of these CMEs might impact the Earth. At the extreme, these solar storms could cause some Earth-orbiting satellites to malfunction, the Earth's atmosphere to slightly distort, and electrical power grids to surge. When impacting Earth's upper atmosphere, these particles can produce beautiful auroras. Pictured here, AR 4478 and its dark sunspots were captured in visible light a few days ago from Barcelona, Spain. Almost as large as AR 3664 was in 2024, the AR 4478 sunspot group is so big that it is visible just with glasses specially designed to view solar eclipses. This week, skygazing enthusiasts all over the globe will not only be tracking AR 4478 during the day -- but keenly watching night skies for its corresponding bright auroras. Sky Surprise: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday? (after 1995)
© Alfredo Vidal Pérez