3 i /阿特拉斯
(原标题: 3I/ATLAS)
2025-07-17
浏览次数: 825
7月1日，由美国宇航局资助的ATLAS（小行星对地撞击最后警报系统）巡天望远镜在智利的b里约热内卢Hurtado发现，3I/ATLAS被指定为第三个已知的穿过我们太阳系的星际物体，它是继2017年的1I/奥陌陌和2019年的2I/鲍里索夫彗星之后。3I/ATLAS也被称为C/2025 N1，它显然是一颗彗星，它的漫射彗发，一团围绕着冰核的气体和尘埃云，在夏威夷茂纳克亚的大型双子座北望远镜的这些图像中很容易看到。左图是连续曝光的彗星在固定背景恒星的映衬下划过天空的轨迹。使用了三种不同的过滤器，分别显示为红色、绿色和蓝色。在右图中，多次曝光被记录并组合成彗星的单一图像。这颗彗星的星际起源也可以从它的轨道上看出来，它被确定为一个偏心的、高度双曲线的轨道，不会绕着太阳转，并将把3I/ATLAS返回星际空间。对地球没有威胁，这个星际闯入者现在在木星到太阳的轨道距离内，而它最接近太阳的距离将使它刚好在火星的轨道距离内。
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Discovered on July 1 with the NASA-funded ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert, System) survey telescope in Rio Hurtado, Chile, 3I/ATLAS is so designated as the third known interstellar object to pass through our Solar System It follows 1I/ʻOumuamua in 2017 and the comet 2I/Borisov in 2019. Also known as C/2025 N1, 3I/ATLAS is clearly a comet, its diffuse cometary coma, a cloud of gas and dust surrounding an icy nucleus, is easily seen in these images from the large Gemini North telescope on Maunakea, Hawai‘i. The left panel tracks the comet as it moves across the sky against fixed background stars in successive exposures. Three different filters were used, shown in red, green, and blue. In the right panel the multiple exposures are registered and combined to form a single image of the comet. The comet's interstellar origin is also clear from its orbit, determined to be an eccentric, highly hyperbolic orbit that does not loop back around the Sun and will return 3I/ATLAS to interstellar space. Not a threat to planet Earth, the inbound interstellar interloper is now within the Jupiter's orbital distance of the Sun, while its closest approach to the Sun will bring it just within the orbital distance of Mars.